Volcanic Activity Reports
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Feb 21 2025 at 06:41:53 UTCA small explosive event was recorded at the Atka volcanic complex in the Aleutian Islands, U.S., at 19:26 LT on February 20, 2025 (04:26 UTC on February 21). The Aviation Color Code has been raised to Orange and Alert Level to Watch.
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Feb 20 2025 at 12:42:12 UTCMagma accumulation beneath Svartsengi is nearing the critical threshold, with over 90% of the volume recorded before the last eruption on November 20, 2024, increasing the likelihood of a dike intrusion and possible eruption. Seismic activity remains steady, and land uplift continues.
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Feb 20 2025 at 10:25:46 UTCNew activity/unrest was reported for 7 volcanoes from February 12 to 18, 2025. During the same period, ongoing activity was reported for 15 volcanoes.
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Feb 19 2025 at 13:48:15 UTCEmergency teams rescued eight tourists who got lost on Mount Etna on Monday, February 17, 2025, amid heavy crowds and traffic congestion caused by visitors eager to witness the ongoing volcanic eruption.
- Over 550 earthquakes recorded at Campi Flegrei caldera, prompting school closures in Pozzuoli, ItalyFeb 18 2025 at 08:57:49 UTCAn intense earthquake swarm is in progress in the Campi Flegrei volcanic caldera, southern Italy, since 15:53 UTC on February 15, 2025. More than 556 earthquakes with magnitudes up to M3.9 were registered by 13:00 UTC on February 18. As a precautionary measure, schools in the town of Pozzuoli, which is close to the epicenter of the earthquakes, are closed today.
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Feb 17 2025 at 06:27:40 UTCAn earthquake swarm began in the Campi Flegrei area of southern Italy at 16:53 LT (15:53 UTC) on February 15, 2025. The strongest in the series thus far was M3.9 on February 16.
- Volcanoes Today, 21 Feb 2025: Santiaguito volcano, Popocatépetl, Semeru, Ibu, Dukono, Kilauea, Korovin, Sakurajima
Feb 21 2025 at 9:00 am EST
- Nevado del Ruiz Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: NEW VA EMS to 21000 ft (6400 m)
Feb 21 2025 at 8:45 am EST
- Popocatépetl Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA EMS OBS to 20000 ft (6100 m)
Feb 21 2025 at 7:15 am EST
- Dukono Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA TO FL090 REPORTED AT 21/0851Z EST VA DTG: 21/1140Z to 9000 ft (2700 m)
Feb 21 2025 at 7:00 am EST
Satellite image of Dukono volcano on 21 Feb 2025
- Semeru Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA LAST REPORTED 21/0921Z EST VA DTG: 21/1030Z
Feb 21 2025 at 6:00 am EST
- Suwanose-jima Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: EXPLODED AT 20250221/1006Z OVER FL050 EXTD S OBS VA DTG: 21/1010Z
Feb 21 2025 at 5:30 am EST
Satellite image of Suwanose-jima volcano on 21 Feb 2025
- Santiaguito Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: NEW VA EMS to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Feb 21 2025 at 5:00 am EST
- Atka volcano (Aleutian Islands): small explosion, alert status raiaed to Orange
Feb 21 2025 at 4:20 am EST
Local seismic and infrasound data detected the small explosion at the Atka volcano on 07:26 PM local time (image: Alaska Volcano Observatory)The Alaska Volcano Observatory reported that a small explosive event was detected at the Atka volcanic complex.
On 07:26 PM local time, the local seismic and infrasound data registered the explosion lasting less than 10 seconds, and likely produced a small amount of volcanic ash. A meteorological cloud deck at an altitude of 8,000 to 10,000 feet above sea level obstructed direct satellite observations, though no ash emissions were detected above the clouds.
In response, the Aviation Color Code and Alert Level have been raised to ORANGE/WATCH.
No additional explosive events have been recorded, and seismic activity remains unchanged. Monitoring of the Atka volcanic complex continues through local seismic and infrasound sensors, web cameras, regional infrasound and lightning networks, and satellite data.
Source: Alaska Volcano Observatory volcano activity update 21 February 2025
- Kilauea volcano (Hawai'i): 10th eruption halted
Feb 21 2025 at 4:00 am EST
Thermal imagery of the lava lake within the Halemaʻumaʻu crater (image: Hawaiian Volcano Observatory)The effusive activity within the Halemaʻumaʻu crater floor paused at 09:18 AM yesterday, marking the conclusion of the 10th eruption.
The north vent gradually decreased in the activity before ceasing eruption at that time. Lava flows from this episode covered approximately 75% of the Halemaʻumaʻu crater floor, primarily within the southern portion of Kaluapele (Kīlauea caldera).
During this event, the summit experienced a deflationary tilt of about 6.5 microradians. The eruption's end coincided with a rapid shift from deflation to inflation at the summit and a reduction in the seismic tremor intensity.
Source: Hawaiian Volcano Observatory volcano activity update 21 February 2025
- Ibu Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA TO FL090 LAST REPORTED 21/0201Z EST VA DTG: 21/0620Z to 9000 ft (2700 m)
Feb 21 2025 at 1:45 am EST
Satellite image of Ibu volcano on 21 Feb 2025
- Sakurajima Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: ERUPTED AT 20250221/0610Z FL070 EXTD SE OBS VA DTG: 21/0610Z
Feb 21 2025 at 1:30 am EST
Satellite image of Sakurajima volcano on 21 Feb 2025
- Korovin Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA NOT IDENTIFIABLE FM SATELLITE DATA.
Feb 21 2025 at 1:30 am EST
- Lewotobi Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA TO FL080 REPORTED 21/0432Z MOV NW EST VA DTG: 21/0440Z to 8000 ft (2400 m)
Feb 21 2025 at 12:15 am EST
Satellite image of Lewotobi volcano on 21 Feb 2025
- Semeru Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: ERUPTION LAST REPORTED 21/0420Z EST VA DTG: 21/0430Z
Feb 21 2025 at 12:00 am EST
Satellite image of Semeru volcano on 21 Feb 2025
- Santiaguito Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: PSBL VA EMS to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Feb 20 2025 at 9:45 pm EST
- Nevado del Ruiz Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: PSBL VA EMS to 19000 ft (5800 m)
Feb 20 2025 at 5:00 pm EST
- Sakurajima Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: EXPLODED AT 20250220/2143Z OVER FL070 EXTD SE OBS VA DTG: 20/2130Z
Feb 20 2025 at 5:00 pm EST
Satellite image of Sakurajima volcano on 20 Feb 2025
- Volcanic activity worldwide 20 Feb 2025: Santiaguito volcano, Popocatépetl, Semeru, Ibu, Svartsengi...
Feb 20 2025 at 4:00 pm EST
Svartsengi (Reykjanes peninsula, SW Iceland): (20 Feb) Deformation measurements indicate the ongoing ground swell, though the rate has slightly decreased in recent weeks. Updated model calculations suggest that magma accumulation is approaching the median volume typically required to initiate a dike intrusion or a potential eruption. Based on these measurements, model assessments, and insights from past events at the Sundhnúksgígar crater row, the likelihood of an event occurring in the coming days or weeks continues to rise.Map of today's active volcanoes
The seismic activity at the Sundhnúksgígar crater row has remained consistent over the past week, with approximately five or fewer earthquakes recorded daily. However, seismic activity in the region has been gradually increasing since late January.
Source: Icelandic Met Office volcano activity update 20 February 2025
Sakurajima (Kyushu, Japan): (20 Feb) Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Tokyo warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 7000 ft (2100 m) altitude or flight level 070 .
The full report is as follows: ERUPTED AT 20250220/0050Z FL070 EXTD SE OBS VA DTG:20/0130Z to 7000 ft (2100 m)
Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: INTERMITTENT DISCRETE VA EMISSIONS TO FL080 OBS AT 20/0159Z
Lewotolo (Lesser Sunda Islands): (20 Feb) Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: GROUND REPORT OF ERUPTION AT 19/1301Z EST VA DTG:20/0140Z
Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: VA ERUPTION LAST REPORTED AT 20/1519Z EST VA DTG:20/1620Z
Kilauea (Hawai'i): Lava fountains returned to the Halemaʻumaʻu crater floor's north vent.
On 19 February at 08:22 PM local time, the 10th effusive commenced with a small spattering, which gradually raised to form spectacular, dome-shaped fire fountains, some lava jest surpassed 90-125 meters (300-400 ft) in height.
... [read more]
Spurr (Cook Inlet, SW Alaska): (20 Feb) The elevated seismic activity at the volcano continues.
The seismic network has detected numerous small, shallow earthquakes beneath the north side of the summit vent over the past two days.
... [read more]
Popocatépetl (Central Mexico): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 20000 ft (6100 m) altitude or flight level 200 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS OBSD to 20000 ft (6100 m)
Santiaguito (Guatemala): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS PSBLY CONTG. to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: NEW VA EMS
Reventador (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 14000 ft (4300 m) altitude or flight level 140 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS REPORTED to 14000 ft (4300 m)A graph plot depicts the evolution of magma accumulation beneath the Svartsengi region, indicating the volume before the ground uplift in late Octobert 2023. The magma volume beneath Svartsengi has now exceeded 90% of the amount that had accumulated before the eruption on November 20 of last year (image: Icelandic Met Office)
- Santiaguito Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA EMS PSBLY CONTG. to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Feb 20 2025 at 3:30 pm EST
- Ibu Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: INTERMITTENT DISCRETE VA EMISSIONS TO FL080 OBS AT 20/0159Z
Feb 20 2025 at 2:00 pm EST
- Reventador Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA EMS REPORTED to 14000 ft (4300 m)
Feb 20 2025 at 12:45 pm EST
- Semeru Volcano Volcanic Ash Advisory: VA ERUPTION LAST REPORTED AT 20/1519Z EST VA DTG: 20/1620Z
Feb 20 2025 at 12:00 pm EST
Satellite image of Semeru volcano on 20 Feb 2025
- Kilauea volcano (Hawai'i): 10th eruption started
Feb 20 2025 at 4:20 am EST
Emissions of incandescent, fluid lava by fountaining and lava flows from the Halemaʻumaʻu crater floor's north vent now (image: USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory webcam)Lava fountains returned to the Halemaʻumaʻu crater floor's north vent.
On 19 February at 08:22 PM local time, the 10th effusive commenced with a small spattering, which gradually raised to form spectacular, dome-shaped fire fountains, some lava jest surpassed 90-125 meters (300-400 ft) in height.
It triggered multiple lava flows which continue even at the time of this update.
A seismic tremor peaked at 10:25 local time, and instruments recorded a ground uplift transition from inflation to deflation beneath Halemaʻumaʻu crater.
This marks the 10th eruptive episode since December 23, 2024.
Source: Hawaiian Volcano Observatory volcano activity update 20 February 2025
- Svartsengi volcano (Reykjanes peninsula): continuing magma intrusion finds in elevated inflation
Feb 20 2025 at 1:06 am EST
A graph plot depicts the evolution of magma accumulation beneath the Svartsengi region, indicating the volume before the ground uplift in late Octobert 2023. The magma volume beneath Svartsengi has now exceeded 90% of the amount that had accumulated before the eruption on November 20 of last year (image: Icelandic Met Office)Deformation measurements indicate the ongoing ground swell, though the rate has slightly decreased in recent weeks. Updated model calculations suggest that magma accumulation is approaching the median volume typically required to initiate a dike intrusion or a potential eruption. Based on these measurements, model assessments, and insights from past events at the Sundhnúksgígar crater row, the likelihood of an event occurring in the coming days or weeks continues to rise.
The seismic activity at the Sundhnúksgígar crater row has remained consistent over the past week, with approximately five or fewer earthquakes recorded daily. However, seismic activity in the region has been gradually increasing since late January.
Source: Icelandic Met Office volcano activity update 20 February 2025
- Spurr volcano (Alaska): elevated unrest continues
Feb 20 2025 at 12:57 am EST
The thermal image of the summit vent at Spurr on 7 February (image: Alaska Volcano Observatory)The elevated seismic activity at the volcano continues.
The seismic network has detected numerous small, shallow earthquakes beneath the north side of the summit vent over the past two days.
On 7 February, a reconnsainnace flight was taken by volcanologists to measure a temperature of fumaroles at the summit using so-called forward-looking infrared camera (FLIR). The results showed temperatures exceeding 320 degrees F (160 degrees C).
The Alaska Volcano Observatory continues to monitor Mount Spurr for any signs indicating increased volcanic activity. Based on past eruptions, noticeable changes in earthquakes, ground deformation, the summit lake, and fumaroles would be expected if magma were to rise closer to the surface. Therefore, if an eruption were imminent, it is highly likely that additional warning signals would appear, allowing for advance notice.
Source: Alaska Volcano Observatory volcano activity update 20 February 2025
- Volcanic activity worldwide 19 Feb 2025: Semeru volcano, Ibu, Dukono, Marapi, Reventador, Lewotolo, ...
Feb 19 2025 at 6:00 pm EST
Ibu (Halmahera, Indonesia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 8000 ft (2400 m) altitude or flight level 080 and is moving at 05 kts in SW direction.Map of today's active volcanoes
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL080 REPORTED AT 19/1812Z EST VA DTG:19/2100Z to 8000 ft (2400 m)
Lewotolo (Lesser Sunda Islands): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: GROUND REPORT OF ERUPTION AT 19/1301Z EST VA DTG:19/1310Z
Semeru (East Java, Indonesia): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 15000 ft (4600 m) altitude or flight level 150 and is moving at 05 kts in SE direction.
The full report is as follows: VA TO FL150 LAST REPORTED AT 19/1618Z EST VA DTG:19/1700Z to 15000 ft (4600 m)
Marapi (Western Sumatra, Indonesia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Darwin (VAAC) issued the following report: ERUPTION TO FL120 LAST REPORTED AT 19/0010Z
Dukono (Halmahera): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Darwin warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 10000 ft (3000 m) altitude or flight level 100 and is moving at 05 kts in SE direction.
The full report is as follows: CONTINUOUS VA TO FL100 OBS EXT SE AT 18/1830Z to 10000 ft (3000 m)
Telica (Nicaragua): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: LGT VA EMS
Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia): Volcanic Ash Advisory Center Washington (VAAC) issued the following report: PSBL VA EMS
Reventador (Ecuador): Explosive activity continues. Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Washington warned about a volcanic ash plume that rose up to estimated 15000 ft (4600 m) altitude or flight level 150 .
The full report is as follows: VA EMS LIKELY to 15000 ft (4600 m)
Volcano Activity Summary for 19 Feb 2025:
- Great Sitkin volcano (United States) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) reported that slow lava effusion continued to feed a thick lava flow in Great Sitkin’s summit crater, confirmed by a 10 February radar image. The lava flow advanced along the NNE margin. Small daily earthquakes were detected by the seismic network during 10-18 February.
Weakly elevated surface temperatures were identified in satellite data during 15-18 February. Cloudy weather obscured satellite and webcam images during most of the week. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Great Sitkin (United States). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Ibu volcano (Indonesia) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that the eruption at Ibu continued during 12-18 February. Multiple daily gray or white-and-gray ash plumes that were often dense rose as high as 1.5 km above the summit and drifted mainly in multiple directions. Incandescence at the summit was visible in some webcam images posted with the reports.
The Alert Level remained at 3 (the second highest level on a four-level scale) and the public was advised to stay 4 km away from the active crater and 5 km away from the N crater wall opening.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Ibu (Indonesia). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Huaynaputina volcano (Peru) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported that several lahars carrying blocks descended the S flank of Huaynaputina during 11-17 February and traveled towards the Tambo River. The lahars were recorded at 1309 on 11 February, at 1725 on 14 February, at 1712 on 15 February, at 1813 on 16 February, and at 1546 on 17 February. The public was warned to stay away from the drainage and to be cautious when traveling along the Quinistaquillas-Sijuaya highway.
Source: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Huaynaputina (Peru). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Aira volcano (Japan) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported ongoing eruptive activity at Minamidake Crater (Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) during 10-17 February. Nightly crater incandescence was visible in webcam images. On 10 February sulfur dioxide emissions were high, averaging 2,200 tons per day.
Six eruptive events, recorded during 11 and 15-16 February, produced ash plumes that rose 1-1.2 km above the summit and drifted SE, E, and NE. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale), and the public was warned to stay 1 km away from both craters.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Aira (Japan). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Kanlaon volcano (Philippines) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported continuing eruptive activity at Kanlaon during 11-18 February. The seismic network recorded 7-19 daily volcanic earthquakes, though during 15-16 February there were 29-32 daily events. Average daily sulfur dioxide emissions ranged from 2,148 to 4,685 tonnes per day (t/d); emissions since 3 June 2024 averaged 4,440 t/d.
Gas-and-steam emissions generally rose as high as 200 m above the summit and drifted W, WSW, and SW; plumes occasionally contained ash during 11 and 14-15 February. Eruptive activity during 1432-1440 on 15 February sent an ash plume 1.5 km above the summit that drifted WNW. Ashfall and sulfur odors were reported in multiple neighborhoods of Bago City including in Mailum, Maao, Binubuhan, Abuanan, Dulao, Atipuluan, and Ilijan.
PHIVOLCS noted that since 10 January the deformation network had detected inflation of the upper E flank and cycles of inflation and deflation at the upper W flank and mid E flank. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 0-5); the public was warned to stay 6 km away from the summit and pilots were warned not to fly close to the volcano.
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Kanlaon (Philippines). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Dukono volcano (Indonesia) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that the eruption at Dukono was ongoing during 12-18 February. Daily white-and-gray ash plumes rose 100-1,500 m above the crater rim and drifted in multiple directions. The Alert Level remained at Level 2 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 4 km away from the Malupang Warirang Crater.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Dukono (Indonesia). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- El Misti volcano (Peru) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported that three lahars carrying blocks traveled down El Misti’s flanks on 15 February. The first descended the Matagente drainage on the NW flank at 1637, the second descended the El Pato drainage on the SW flank at 1750, and the third descended the Huarangal-Los Incas drainage on the SW flank at 1820. The public was warned to stay away from drainages and roads on the SW flank.
The Alert Level remained at Green (the lowest level on a four-color scale).
Source: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on El Misti (Peru). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Semeru volcano (Indonesia) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that eruptive activity continued at Semeru during 12-18 February with daily eruptive events recorded by the seismic network. Daily white-and-gray ash plumes rose 500-1,000 m above the summit and drifted in multiple directions. The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second lowest level on a scale of 1-4).
The public was warned to stay at least 5 km away from the summit in all directions, 13 km from the summit to the SE, 500 m from the banks of the Kobokan drainage as far as 17 km from the summit, and to avoid other drainages including the Bang, Kembar, and Sat, due to lahar, avalanche, and pyroclastic flow hazards.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Semeru (Indonesia). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Suwanosejima volcano (Japan) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that eruptive activity at Suwanosejima's Ontake Crater continued during 10-17 February. Incandescence was observed nightly in webcam images. An eruptive event at 1644 on 11 February generated an ash plume that rose 1 km above the summit and drifted SE.
An explosion later that same day at 2007 generated an ash plume that rose 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted SE. Ash fell within a 10-km-radius of the crater on unspecified dates according to the Suwanosejima Branch of the Toshima Village Office (3.5 km SSW). The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second level on a five-level scale) and the public was warned to stay at least 1.5 km away from the crater.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Suwanosejima (Japan). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Taal volcano (Philippines) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported continuing eruptive activity at Taal during 11-18 February. There were 0-12 daily volcanic earthquakes and a few periods of tremor that lasted from one minute to as long as two hours and nine minutes. Three minor phreatic eruptions occurred on 12, 15, and 16 February, each lasting 3-4 minutes.
Daily gas-and-steam emissions generally rose 350-900 m above the crater rim and drifted NW, W, and SW, though on 16 February plumes rose as high as 2.1 km. Sulfur dioxide emissions averaged 448, 407, and 1,244 tonnes per day on 12, 15, and 17 February, respectively. The Alert Level remained at 1 (on a scale of 0-5); PHIVOLCS reminded the public that the entire Taal Volcano Island was a Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ) and recommended that the Main Crater and areas along the Daang Kastila fissure should remain prohibited.
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Taal (Philippines). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Sheveluch volcano (Russia) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that lava extrusion may have continued at Sheveluch’s “300 years of RAS” dome on the SW flank of Old Sheveluch and at the Young Sheveluch dome during 6-13 February. Daily thermal anomalies over the domes were identified in satellite images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).
Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Sheveluch (Russia). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Sabancaya volcano (Peru) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported that the eruption at Sabancaya continued during 10-16 February with an average of one explosion per day. Gas-and-ash plumes rose as high as 1.2 km above the summit and drifted less than 10 km W, SW, and NW. Thermal anomalies over the lava dome in the summit crater were identified in satellite data.
Sulfur dioxide emissions were at moderate levels, averaging 764 tons per day. No thermal anomalies or significant deformation were detected. The Alert Level remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale) and the public was warned to stay outside of a 12 km radius from the summit.
Source: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Sabancaya (Peru). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Merapi volcano (Indonesia) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG) reported that the eruption at Merapi (on Java) continued during 7-13 February. Seismicity remained at high levels. The SW lava dome produced 59 lava avalanches that traveled as far as 2 km SW down the Bebeng drainage, 12 that traveled as far as 1.8 km SW down the Krasak drainage, and 24 that traveled as far as 1.8 km SW down the Sat/Putih drainage.
Morphological changes at the SW dome were caused by continuing effusion and collapses of material. No significant morphological changes at the summit dome were visible. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 3-7 km away from the summit, based on location.
Source: Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Merapi (Indonesia). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
- Karymsky volcano (Russia) - Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for 12 February-18 February 2025 (Continuing Activity)
Feb 19 2025 at 10:00 am EST
The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 6-13 February. A weak thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 6 and 9-13 February; weather clouds obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale).
Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
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From: Global Volcanism Program, 2025. Report on Karymsky (Russia). In: Mayberry, G (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report 12 February-18 February 2025. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.